Learn Algebra

Master algebra fundamentals, solving techniques, and avoid common mistakes with our comprehensive guides.

📚 Algebra Fundamentals

Algebraic Properties

Commutative Property:

a + b = b + a

a × b = b × a

Associative Property:

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

(a × b) × c = a × (b × c)

Distributive Property:

a(b + c) = ab + ac

Identity Properties:

a + 0 = a

a × 1 = a

Order of Operations (PEMDAS)

1.
Parentheses

Evaluate expressions inside parentheses first

2.
Exponents

Calculate powers and roots

3.
Multiplication & Division

From left to right

4.
Addition & Subtraction

From left to right

🔧 Solving Techniques

Factoring Guide

Greatest Common Factor (GCF)

Find the largest factor common to all terms.

Example: 6x² + 9x = 3x(2x + 3)

Difference of Squares

Pattern: a² - b² = (a + b)(a - b)

Example: x² - 16 = (x + 4)(x - 4)

Trinomial Factoring (x² + bx + c)

Find two numbers that multiply to c and add to b.

Example: x² + 5x + 6 = (x + 2)(x + 3)

Because 2 × 3 = 6 and 2 + 3 = 5

Perfect Square Trinomials

Pattern: a² + 2ab + b² = (a + b)²

Example: x² + 6x + 9 = (x + 3)²

Completing the Square

A technique for solving quadratic equations by creating a perfect square trinomial.

Steps:

  1. Move constant term to the right side
  2. Take half of the coefficient of x, then square it
  3. Add this value to both sides
  4. Factor the left side as a perfect square
  5. Take the square root of both sides
  6. Solve for x

Example: x² + 6x + 5 = 0

1. x² + 6x = -5

2. Half of 6 is 3, and 3² = 9

3. x² + 6x + 9 = -5 + 9

4. (x + 3)² = 4

5. x + 3 = ±2

6. x = -3 ± 2, so x = -1 or x = -5

⚠️ Common Mistakes to Avoid

❌ Distributing Incorrectly

Wrong: (x + 3)² = x² + 9

✓ Correct: (x + 3)² = x² + 6x + 9

Remember: (a + b)² = a² + 2ab + b²

❌ Canceling Terms Incorrectly

Wrong: (x + 3)/(x + 5) = 3/5

✓ Correct: You can't cancel terms that are being added

Only cancel factors, not terms

❌ Forgetting Negative Signs

Wrong: -(x - 3) = -x - 3

✓ Correct: -(x - 3) = -x + 3

Distribute the negative to all terms

❌ Division by Zero

Wrong: x/0 = undefined (but treating it like 0)

✓ Correct: Division by zero is undefined

Always check denominators aren't zero

❌ Ignoring Order of Operations

Wrong: 2 + 3 × 4 = 20

✓ Correct: 2 + 3 × 4 = 2 + 12 = 14

Multiplication before addition (PEMDAS)

✍️ Practice Problems

Practice makes perfect! Try these problems organized by difficulty level.

🟢 Easy

1. Solve for x: 2x + 5 = 13

2. Simplify: 3x + 2x - 5x

3. Factor: x² - 9

🟡 Medium

1. Solve for x: x² - 5x + 6 = 0

2. Simplify: (2x + 3)(x - 4)

3. Solve system: 2x + y = 10, x - y = 2

🔴 Hard

1. Solve: 2x² - 7x + 3 = 0

2. Simplify: (x² - 4)/(x + 2)

3. Complete the square: x² + 8x - 1 = 0

💡 Tip: Try solving these on paper first, then check your answers using our solvers!

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